India is clearly the larger of the two: about 3,155,807 km² km² against 1,560,428 km² km², roughly 2× at true size. Drag one onto the other on the map above to feel the gap.
Both sit in Asia, so this is a same-region comparison: the new Equal Earth map draws both with the same honest geometry, and the real gap is exactly the 2× you see above.
The old map muddied it further: Mercator inflates India about 1.2× and Mongolia about 2.2×, so on a Mercator-style map this pair appears 1.1× apart instead of the true 2×.
Mongolia fits 2× into India.